In order to check if all is ok you can use the wiringpi library and in particular Or using the layer meta-raspberrypi you can set it via the RPI_EXTRA_CONFIG ![]() The simplest way (with a modern firmware) is to use the last option: in my case I canĪdd directly in the config.txt the following lines gpio=22-27=a4 create a device driver and move the pins using it.There are several options to go with to set the desired pins, each one needs (but the first one)Ī recent version of the firmware (you can see the version of your system using vcgencmd version) It directly to modify the registers is a pain in the ass. The chip of the raspberry pi has 54 pins configurable via 41 32-bit registers the startĪddress is different between board models, for a pi zero is 0x7e200000 but to use If you don't have already u-boot compiled you can use Yocto via these variables PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual / bootloader = "u-boot" KERNEL_IMAGETYPE = "zImage" KERNEL_BOOTCMD = "bootz"īoot.cmd that is obtained compiling boot.scr fdt addr $ GPIOsįor future use I want to set the pins needed to use JTAG with the board. Take in mind that some document uses fdt_addr_r instead of the mainline's fdt_addr. The address is passed as environment variable in u-boot. The complicated thing that happens with this device is that the start.elf prepareĪlready the fdt ( flat device tree) at a specific address and doesn't need to be loaded from the ![]() cmdline.txt instead contains the arguments for the kernel.Ĭmdline.txt dwc_otg.lpm_enable=0 console=serial0,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootfstype=ext4 rootwait console=tty0 This is achievable renaming accordingly the file or changing the right variable (named kernel) Kernel.img is usually the linux kernel, we want to substitute it with u-boot.
0 Comments
![]() There are some delightful new additions too, such as the arrogant antagonist, Handsome Jack, and the teenage demolitionist, Tiny Tina. The four playable characters from the first game are back as well, and they each play a robust role in the story (and have way more spoken lines than ever before). Many familiar faces return, including the delusional robot, Claptrap the hayseed mechanic, Scooter and the bawdy vixen, Moxxi. But it isn't so lonely anymore, thanks to an expanded cast of diverse and entertaining characters. What once was a lonely frontier planet populated primarily by savage men and feral beasts is, well, still a planet populated primarily by savage men and feral beasts. Perhaps the most notable difference is that Pandora now feels like a vibrant, living place. Now Playing: Video Review - Borderlands 2
![]() These seem very popular and well-supported in the hobbyist electronics market, so I picked a 2.8” TFT display based on the ILI9341 TFT LCD driver chip. ![]() Chinese company ILI Technology produces a range of low-cost TFT display controllers. While I had written a working driver for the camera in C for Linux just using spidev ( which even supports streaming the live video to a JavaScript-based web client via ØMQ), that wouldn’t suit a battery-powered setup. I wanted to build a self-contained & portable thermal camera device with an integral display and processor, all powered by a battery. And it was! The gamble paid off - that could have been a wasted £75! Once I had everything I needed, I hooked the whole thing up to a Raspberry Pi and used the Lepton 3 branch of the pylepton project on GitHub to verify that it was working. The breakout board itself is a great little project by Pure Engineering. I obtained a breakout board for the FLIR Lepton from Digi-Key for around £25 including shipping. 2 is now unavailable, but the current-gen FLIR One Pro with the same sensor resolution is £399.99.Īs soon as the broken FLIR One arrived, I tore it down and retrieved the shining jewell that is the FLIR Lepton 3 sensor. These devices contain a FLIR Lepton 3 160x120 pixel microbolometer.įor £75, I think you’d be very hard-pressed to source an equivalent sensor - the Gen. The stated symptom was that it just didn’t power on at all, which I guessed might be down to a power/battery fault and hoped it wouldn’t affect the actual sensor module itself. They are commercially available as components from electronics distributors such as Digi-Key, but I found that to be an expensive and difficult way to obtain them (the availability at the time I was trying to buy one was rather poor).Īfter watching a bunch of thermal camera-related Mike’s Electric Stuff videos on YouTube, I discovered that a good source of these might be the the small, smartphone-compatible thermal camera devices such as FLIR’s One and Seek Thermal’s Compact range.Ī few clicks later and I found a broken FLIR One Gen. This is also the expensive, difficult-to-source bit. This is the business-end of a thermal camera. I started off trying to find a microbolometer. ![]() Feel free to ask questions down in the comments and I’ll do my best to answer! 1 I wanted to get started with thermography without a huge price tag, so I thought I’d go all in and build my own! Obviously, this was a hugely involved process so I’ll cover a bit of each aspect here. Unfortunately, they’re also quite expensive, especially if you’re buying one just for playing around with rather than using in some commercial capacity like thermal surveying or electronics testing. I think the ability to view a part of the electromagnetic spectrum that is normally hidden from us will always be a strange and exciting thing. Thermal cameras have always fascinated me.
![]() ![]() ![]() Thirty-six unique morphospecies could be differentiated, which increases by more than 15% the number of morphospecies and genera already reported for the entire Araruama system. Overall, we show that Araruama's lagoons harbor a high cyanobacterial diversity. Moreover, we have compared different classification methodologies and discussed the outcomes, challenges, and pitfalls of these methods. We have used morphological and molecular data obtained by culture-dependent and -independent methods. With the aim of strengthening the knowledge on the cyanobacterial diversity present in the coastal lagoon system of Araruama (state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), we have characterized three mat samples by means of a polyphasic approach. In the top layer of photosynthetic mats from hypersaline environments, a large diversity of cyanobacteria typically predominates. Microbial mats are complex, micro-scale ecosystems that can be found in a wide range of environments. Ramos, Vitor M C Castelo-Branco, Raquel Leão, Pedro N Martins, Joana Carvalhal-Gomes, Sinda Sobrinho da Silva, Frederico Mendonça Filho, João G Vasconcelos, Vitor M This hints at hidden cyanobacterial diversity in the mats of the Araruama system, while reinforcing the relevance of using complementary approaches to study cyanobacterial diversity.Ĭyanobacterial Diversity in Microbial Mats from the Hypersaline Lagoon System of Araruama, Brazil: An In-depth Polyphasic Study. Some sequences had no close relatives in the public databases, including one from an isolate, being placed as “loner†sequences within different orders. More than one third of the sequences demonstrated to be closely affiliated (best BLAST hit results of ≥99% with cyanobacteria from ecologically similar habitats. Most of the 48 phylotypes could be associated with the observed morphospecies at the order level. Morphology-based data were compared with the 16S rRNA gene phylogeny derived from isolate sequences and environmental sequences obtained by PCR-DGGE and pyrosequencing. With the aim of strengthening the knowledge on the cyanobacterial diversity present in the coastal lagoon system of Araruama (state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, we have characterized three mat samples by means of a polyphasic approach. Cyanobacterial Diversity in Microbial Mats from the Hypersaline Lagoon System of Araruama, Brazil: An In-depth Polyphasic Studyĭirectory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)įull Text Available Microbial mats are complex, micro-scale ecosystems that can be found in a wide range of environments. ![]() No way out, right? Not so fast! Swimming out to the trunk, Martin discovers (rather conveniently) several large equipment bags, which he manages to inflate using the air in his tires, and thus floats the car back to the surface in a matter of minutes. If he swims up to the surface he explodes, but if he stays put, he drowns. So while the action is necessarily limited by confinement to a tight space, this constraint on movement allows for ever more outlandish solutions to the problems of perimeter maintenance.įor instance, his car landing in a river, and sinking fast, you’d figure Martin to be a goner. Tethered to his car by an area-sensitive bracelet bomb (which will explode when removed a certain number of feet from the car), Martin spends most of the length of the film trying to figure out the most expeditious way to get at the baddies while staying within the tight radius of the bomb’s safety zone. ![]() ![]() There’s nothing quite so profoundly lunatic in Transporter 3, though not for want of trying. No fuss really, I do that kind of stuff all the time… The car then rotates back around and Martin makes a clean landing and comes to a screeching halt just at the water’s edge. Naturally, the hook rather conveniently dislodges the bomb, which explodes not a second later. Somehow, Martin manages to angle things just right so that the car rotates completely around on its Y-axis, passing undercarriage side up just under a hook dangling from the crane. Putting pedal to the metal, he hits a pile of boxes and timber that just so happen to form a ramp (funny how these things are always just happen to be there when they are most needed in action movies), launching the car in a direct intercept with a crane. As so often is the case with these movies, I chose both options, in equal measure.ĭiscovering too late a bomb lodged to the undercarriage of his car, our hero, Frank Martin (the transporter of the title, played with gritty elan by Jason Statham), races his trademark black Audi through a shipyard, desperately searching for some way to dislodge it (the bomb). The highpoint of the Transporter series so far comes early on in the second installment with a stunt so profoundly ridiculous and so far over the top (quite literally) that I could not decide whether to giggle with delight for its audacity or shake my head at its profound idiocy. In this case, the second equation is actually the first equation multiplied by 2. What we have here is really only one equation written in two different ways. For example, if a = –6 and b = 5, then both equations are made true. In fact, any a and b replacement that makes one of the equations true, also makes the other equation true. ![]() When this occurs, the system of equations does not have a unique solution. Now if you were to subtract one equation from the other, the result is 0 = 0. To check the solution, replace each x in each equation with 5 and replace each y in each equation with 3. Of course, if the number in front of a letter is already the same in each equation, you do not have to change either equation. Insert x = 5 in one of the original equations to solve for y. ![]() The equations can be subtracted, eliminating the y terms. Now the y is preceded by a 3 in each equation. You need to be aware of these when you use the addition/subtraction method.įirst multiply the bottom equation by 3. In some situations you do not get unique answers or you get no answers. In Example and Example, a unique answer existed for x and y that made each sentence true at the same time. Now inserting 5 for x in the first equation gives the following:īy replacing each x with a 5 and each y with a 2 in the original equations, you can see that each equation will be made true.
![]() * The system requirements are what is recommended to run the software as of February 2021. If you are using a router, please set up your ports so that the below packets can pass through. * Models utilizing the Apple Silicon chipset (such as M1) are not supported. You can purchase 60-day codes for around $30 from most video game retailers, like Amazon, GameStop, or the Square Enix website directly. You only need to pay for a subscription if you’re playing a purchased version of FFXIV. Does Final Fantasy 14 require a subscription? In addition, they can level up to level 60 and experience all the story has to offer, and more.įFXIV: A Realm Reborn is available on Windows®PC, PlayStation®3, and PlayStation®4, and players from all three versions will be able to play together regardless of the version they purchase! It is possible to play with the same account on the Windows®, PlayStation®3, and PlayStation®4 platforms. … Currently, prospective players can play through the base game (A Realm Reborn), as well as the first expansion Heavensward. One of the primary reasons for FFXIV’s popularity is the free trial. If you so choose, you can find someone to mentor you on the ins-and-outs of the games many mechanics and can feel free to ask questions to anyone you pass. Logging into the game, you will see other players running around with you. Wait, You Can Play Final Fantasy XIV Solo? The answer is: mostly yes. 3) Use the « Try Free Demo » button on the left of the game page. 2) Go to the game page for FINAL FANTASY XIV Online free trial (e.g. How can I play Final Fantasy online for free?ġ) Using your PlayStation®4 console, open the PlayStation Store. ![]() … The full version of the game also requires a monthly subscription to play. If you’ve bought the game and you let your subscription expire, you won’t be able to revert to free play. FINAL FANTASY XIV: Starter Edition: Includes all the content from A Realm Reborn (including the revamped main questline) and Heavensward. Play any or all A Realm Reborn and Heavensward jobs up to level 60 without the need for a subscription and no limit on play time. Sound Card: DirectSound® sound card (DirectX® 9.0c or higher) Additional Notes: System Requirements may be subject to change. Please go to your Steam Library and download Final Fantasy XIV directly through the Steam client. ![]() Please visit to download the official Windows client for Final Fantasy XIV. No separate client download is necessary to play the expansions. This is a beefy free trial with hundreds of hours of free content for players to enjoy. The free trial for Final Fantasy XIV lasts until players hit level 60 and complete the Heavensward expansion. Can my Mac run ff14?įinal Fantasy 14 is now updated to 64-bit and supports Catalina! These are the game’s official system requirements: OS: macOS Mojave 10.14. Can you play FFXIV without subscription?.Does Final Fantasy 14 require a subscription?.How can I play Final Fantasy online for free?.Can you play ff14 without subscription?. ![]() South Korean Sword & Shield owners need to pre-order Brilliant Diamond or Shining Pearl to get a code. If it is, the process will be very different from the one being used in South Korea. If you have a copy of both games then you will presumably be able to get both a Shiny Zacian and a Shiny Zamazenta during the five-week event.Īgain, it should be highlighted that neither GameStop nor The Pokemon Company has confirmed the above method will be how Sword & Shield's shiny legendaries will be distributed. That will be when Pokemon Sword owners can go through the same process as above to get their code. After that, the Zamazenta event will begin and run until November 27. The Zacian event will run from October 22 and end on November 11. According to PokeBeach, the Zacian giveaway is first and you will need to take your Switch into a GameStop and show you have a copy of Pokemon Shield to get your code. What we do know is you will have to go to GameStop to get your shiny legendary. Since the promotion hasn't been officially announced, at least not in the US, the details aren't entirely clear at this moment in time. ![]() Bottomless Dinner £45 Tuck into a delicious 2 course meal with unlimited drinks in Sheffield. Birthday Restaurant £25 Its party time in our Sheffield city centre restaurant, bar and club, with good food and a complimentary drink. I’ll post more on this thread when we have a beta ready for testing with this new Mac hardware architecture. Sheffield Party Weekend Guestlist Pass to 6 venues including nightclub entry. We will be testing it with 4, 8 and 16 disk RAID volumes to ensure our implementation is robust. Obviously, you won’t be able to use it with Thunderbolt enclosures, as these test Mac minis don’t have Thunderbolt, but you will be able to use it with USB 3.1 Gen 2 enclosures like the OWC Mercury Elite Pro Quad. If you have access to a Mac mini with Apple silicon and would like to try out beta builds of SoftRAID which support this new CPU, please let us know and we will give you access to the beta testing program. We have also started a code review of both the driver and SoftRAID tool to determine what needs to be changed to accommodate the new multi-core CPU memory access architecture. SoftRAID requires a Mac which contains a Core 2 Duo or later processor. It will not work on early Intel Macs with Core Duo processors.pples High Sierra installer cannot be directly installed onto SoftRAID volumes (for booting). We have already finished the changes to the SoftRAID code which rely on getting time. If you want to start up fromSoftRAID volumes, there are instructions for doing this on the SoftRAID forum. With this new CPU, the key changes are the way the processor counts time and the way each of the CPU cores determine if memory has been altered by another CPU core. This mean that any number, that was used by the SoftRAID driver to determine what type of volume was in use, had to be swapped around right after it was read from disk and right before it was written back out. With the switch from PowerPC to Intel CPUs, the major change was that areas of memory which stored numbers larger than 256 were set up in the reverse order in the Intel CPU. These high-capacity SSD configurations are powered by the SoftRAID. There are just a few key areas we will have to change. SoftRAID - Support and help SoftRAID Support At OWC, we pride ourselves in the quality of our software and the excellent support we give our customers. ( OWC ) introduced 10, 20, 30, and 40TB SSD models for ThunderBay 4 mini RAID. Just like the move from PowerPC to Intel, for this change, the majority of the code for SoftRAID will not require any changes. In anticipation of the Mac mini arriving next week, we have already started implementing the changes required to support this new CPU. We already have a Mac mini with Apple silicon on our way from Apple, we ordered it registered for one 5 minutes after the web page went live. So of course we’re going to conquer this transition as well. First the one was from Motorola 68000 to PowerPC and the second was from PowerPC to Intel. Let’s start with a little background on the team behind SoftRAID for Mac: We have already been through, not 1 but 2 processor architecture changes. Many of our customers are wondering: Is SoftRAID going to work on Big Sur? Will SoftRAID continue to work on Macs with Apple silicon? Be sure to check the SoftRAID Known Issues page to keep up to date with on-going development and testing. Here is an announcement from Tim Standing, Vice President Engineering, OWC. There are still some issues, feel free to post any differences you see, but at least you can be working with SoftRAID now. ![]() ![]() We have performance optimization to work on for new volumes, but older volumes should be OK. The result is a fast and flexible RAID array that has negligible impact on your computer system or applications. It also utilizes your computer’s advanced processing power versus the slow processors found in most hardware RAID enclosures. We are releasing a M1 (Apple Silicon) version of SoftRAID today with the SoftRAID 6 beta. SoftRAID sets you free with full control of RAID volumes including creation, management and deletion. Philip – just stop this nonsense with RAID 0. There are several quantities that can be derived from the reflection coefficient. A simple trigonometric transformation converts these to the rectangular format. With these, one could measure the magnitude and phase angle of a wave reflected from a termination, and plot them on a polar graph of the complex reflection coefficient. But it would have been much easier to measure the polar representation: what was required was an oscilloscope and directional couplers. Back in the day, it would have been rather difficult to measure Γ directly as a complex quantity, due to the limitations of test equipment. Smith was no doubt very familiar with the polar type of data presentation, for a practical reason. ![]() Complex Reflection Coefficient, polar form. This means that Γ is constrained to be within this circular space, such that |Γ|≤ 1. ![]() (Note that the curve did not change shape, only the axes of the graph did.) It’s useful to note that the magnitude of the reflection coefficient can never exceed 1.0, as this would imply that power is somehow “created” by the load. On this plot, the same green marker is now at a magnitude (denoted as |Γ|) of about 0.2 (i.e., its distance from the center or origin), and a phase angle of about 75°. Reading off the chart, we see the following values: frequencyīecause complex numbers can also be represented in polar form, we can also plot Γ on a polar plot, as in Figure 2. Figure 1, Reflection Coefficient, rectangular form. See Figure 1: the green marker is at 14.175 MHz. Our DUT for this example is a 50-ohm coaxial transmission line terminated by a 40m OCF dipole.įirst, let’s plot the real and imaginary components of Γ for this DUT on a rectilinear graph. We can measure Γ by connecting a VNA to a device under test (DUT), “sweep” a band of interest, and download the data. (For a perfect termination, Γ=0, an open termination yields G=1, and a short results in Γ=-1.) Being a complex quantity, Γ can convey both the magnitude and phase of the reflected wave, at a particular frequency. Notated using the Greek letter gamma (Γ), the reflection coefficient describes how much of an electromagnetic wave is reflected by an impedance discontinuity such as a mismatched load. A slightly more obscure concept is that of the reflection coefficient. Radio operators are inherently familiar with the concept of standing-wave ratio, i.e., a measure of how well a load is matched to a transmission line. We’ll use an example to show how the Smith chart was developed. The Smith chart provides a concise way to view a number of different characteristics of RF systems, such as impedance and voltage standing-wave ratio (VSWR). In 1939, he had an article published in Electronics Magazine describing what later came to be known as the Smith chart. Fascinated by the repetitive nature of the impedance variation along a transmission line and its relation to the standing-wave amplitude ratio and wave position, Smith devised an impedance chart in which standing-wave ratios were represented by circles. ![]() Phillip Smith, 1ANB (SK), was an electrical engineer who graduated from Tufts College in 1928, and then went to work in the radio research department at Bell Telephone Laboratories. And that’s what ham radio’s all about, right? Otherwise, we may as well use a telephone or the Internet to communicate over large distances! And don’t worry we’ll keep the equations to a minimum (or in footnotes). In addition, the knowledge gained in its use adds to our general knowledge of radio systems. Why use a seemingly-archaic tool such as the Smith chart, when calculators and software are readily available? For one, the chart remains useful as a visualization tool, representing a wealth of information in a very precise and intuitive manner. Here then, is a brief introduction to the Smith chart. But although questions regarding the chart appear in the Amateur Extra License exam, the current Question Pool has a mere 11 questions on the topic, leaving a full appreciation of the tool to the more inquisitive student. The advent of low-cost antenna analyzers and vector network analyzers (VNAs) has resulted in a renewed interest in an 80-year old tool called the Smith chart, a graphical device used to view the characteristics of RF transmission lines, antennas, and matching circuits, and to aid in the design of those systems. ![]() Printing the model in PyTorch with print(model) shows we have the same architecture. model.summary() in Keras outputs the following.Įmbedding (Embedding) (None, None, 128) 2560000īidirectional (Bidirectional (None, None, 128) 98816īidirectional_1 (Bidirection (None, 128) 98816 And even the details are quite important to achieve similar results, but bear with me, because this is the closest I could get to the Keras implementation.Ī quick sanity check would be to verify the number of parameters of both implementations match. Well… As you can see, even for very basic architectures, transferring code is not an easy job. named_parameters() if 'weight_hh' in name)ī = (param. named_parameters() if 'weight_ih' in name) Let's get straight to the point and use the following method to adapt PyTorch initialization to Keras. For example, you can see that the Embedding layer from Keras initialize its weights with a uniform distribution, whereas it is a normal distribution which is used by PyTorch. And the main difference is initialization! It requires a fair amount of digging to make both frameworks agree on initializations. Now the sad news is this implementation is not exactly the same as the one with Keras. In PyTorch we simply detail a bit more the computation whereas Keras infer them as we stack the layers. If you read part one, there won't be any surprise in this code. This is important to train on batches as it is not possible to parallelize computation of the error gradient on sequences of variable length.ĭef _init_(self, input_dim, embedding_dim, hidden_dim): In addition, we will pad the movie reviews to have sequences of same length. Yet, to make sure the data we feed to Keras and the data we feed to PyTorch is the same, I will simply adapt the downloaded data using Keras to PyTorch, so we are sure to have consistency between both implementations, especially in terms of data cleaning and how the text is tokenized. With torchtext, PyTorch can also download and load the IMDB dataset in the same fashion. It splits the data in half into training and validation sets. ![]() This creates a data/ folder and downloads the dataset inside. ![]() Print(len(x_val), "Validation sequences") Print(len(x_train), "Training sequences") |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |